UC知道请生态学方面的高手翻译下
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/27 05:37:38
Agriculture intensification
This process generally produces a decrease in landscape mosaic complexity,a simplification of many geo-chemical cycles, a reduction of many ecological processes, a simplification in trophic chain and a decrease of system resilience.
Monoculture, created by a modern agriculture, is an extremely simplified system in which a considerable input of fertilizers allows farmers to maintain a high rate of harvests.
In this type of landscape, the linear features are dominant and generally,most of the soil is dramatically perturbed by seasonal plowing.However, the negative effects of agriculture intensification have been found to be reduced as a result of contemporary afforestation, as argued by Vanacker et al. (2003), in a tropical mountain range of Equador. This mitigation has been explained by the contemporary afforestation of degraded
lands with eucalyptus, which improves nutrients and soil water retention. Although this example can be validated
This process generally produces a decrease in landscape mosaic complexity,a simplification of many geo-chemical cycles, a reduction of many ecological processes, a simplification in trophic chain and a decrease of system resilience.
Monoculture, created by a modern agriculture, is an extremely simplified system in which a considerable input of fertilizers allows farmers to maintain a high rate of harvests.
In this type of landscape, the linear features are dominant and generally,most of the soil is dramatically perturbed by seasonal plowing.However, the negative effects of agriculture intensification have been found to be reduced as a result of contemporary afforestation, as argued by Vanacker et al. (2003), in a tropical mountain range of Equador. This mitigation has been explained by the contemporary afforestation of degraded
lands with eucalyptus, which improves nutrients and soil water retention. Although this example can be validated
农业集约化
这一过程通常会产生减少，景观镶嵌的复杂性，简化了许多地质化学周期，减少了许多生态过程，简化了在营养链，减少了系统的应变能力。
单一，所创造的现代农业，是一个非常简化的系统，其中有相当投入的化肥，让农民保持一个高企的丰收。
在这种类型的景观，线性特征的主导和一般来说，大部分的土壤是显着摄动季节性plowing.however ，负面影响，农业集约化已发现减少由于当代造林，作为辩称， vanacker等人。 （ 2003年） ，在热带山脉的厄瓜多尔。这缓解已经解释过，由当代造林退化
地政与桉树，提高了养分和土壤水分。虽然这个例子可以验证，只有在当地，该策略，以补偿退化地区与造林的密集养殖，农业土壤，似乎工作。
最近发生的变化，在农业景观，在法国西部已产生了下降，小型哺乳动物（啮齿动物和鼩） 。特别是，小型哺乳动物已发现较为敏感，农业集约化，比类型的作物（密德香格里拉佩纳等al.2003a ） ，但也变化，在许多群体的动物，如蜘蛛， carabids和植物（ burel ＆ baudry 1995年，密德香格里拉佩纳等人。 2003年） （图6.5 ） 。农业的影响，自发的植被镶嵌在许多情况下，目前耐人寻味的模式。例如，大平原草原是一endagered生物群落在北美地区，因为农业活动的片段，并降低本土植被。风险减少是一个双重的影响，农业支离破碎，再加上刺柏encroachement （ coppedge等人。 2001年） 。这些作者，研究土地覆盖变化，在1965年至1995年期间，曾指出，刺柏扩大，严重影响生存的草原社区以上的耕地管理，提高草地破碎所倡导的人类对土地的使用一些百年前。