三大谓语动词是什么?分别怎么用?

非谓语动词三大类：分词、动名词、不定式

分词常考题型：做状语、做定语

分词作状语形式： ，主谓宾

不管谓语和宾语，只看主语能不能做这件事。

分词作状语题型，不定式不是答案。

永远不是答案的形式：having +v-ed, been+ v-ed, be+ v-ed

过去分词强调被动状态，现在分词强调主动进行。

例：_____, I am listening to the music.

A) Standing by Mr. LiuB) Stood by Mr.Liu

注：看主语能不能发出这个动作，还是动作的承受者来选择是-ing还是-ed

[P11-43] No matter how frequently ___, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A) performed B) performing C) to be performed D) being performed

注：“空格+逗号+主谓宾”表示分词作状语。

现在分词的常见形式：

1. 一般式：v-ing 与谓语动词同步发生。

2. being+ v-ed 表示正在被做。

3. having +ed 表示动作发生谓语动词之前。（在四级考试中不是正确答案）

Having destroyed their house, they lived in a cave

[P29-22] ___ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth. A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed