UC知道土木工程英语22
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/30 22:08:38
In aircraft, composite structures usually have relatively thick
parts which are designed to carry high levels
of structural loads. The most preferred method of joining
such structures is, therefore, mechanical fastening by
means of bolted joints. Major structural components are
subjected to repeated loads during service of aircraft.
These variable loads mayca use nucleation and growth of
fatigue damage which can lead to structural failure. It is
therefore important to understand the fatigue behaviour
of aircraft composite structures. The fatigue behaviour of
full-scale composite structures can be represented on subcomponents
and coupons, including bolted joints [1,2].
The main objective of bolted joints is to transfer applied
load from one part of the joint structure to the other
through fastener elements. However, the presence of bolt
holes induces high stress concentrations, which are
hence recognized to
parts which are designed to carry high levels
of structural loads. The most preferred method of joining
such structures is, therefore, mechanical fastening by
means of bolted joints. Major structural components are
subjected to repeated loads during service of aircraft.
These variable loads mayca use nucleation and growth of
fatigue damage which can lead to structural failure. It is
therefore important to understand the fatigue behaviour
of aircraft composite structures. The fatigue behaviour of
full-scale composite structures can be represented on subcomponents
and coupons, including bolted joints [1,2].
The main objective of bolted joints is to transfer applied
load from one part of the joint structure to the other
through fastener elements. However, the presence of bolt
holes induces high stress concentrations, which are
hence recognized to
有点长。应该是机械的文章。本专业就勉为其难吧。
在飞机制造中，复合结构 （复合材料）设计中承担较高结构载荷的零件相对来说常比较厚重。因此，在这种结构中最常用的连接方式是机械紧固中的螺栓连接。在飞机服役期间，主要结构件常受到循环（疲劳）载荷。这些变动的载荷可造成疲劳裂纹的成核（裂纹尖端硬化）和生长，最终可导致结构失效 （疲劳断裂）。所以，了解飞机复合结构的疲劳行为是非常重要的。整个复合结构的疲劳行为可以由其子部件和切面表现出来，主要包括螺栓连接。
螺栓的主要目的是将连接结构中某个零件的载荷传递到其他连接结构的组成部分。但是，由于螺栓孔的存在会造成很高的应力集中，而众所周知应力集中（部位）是疲劳载荷下的裂纹扩展源（或者说裂纹起裂的位置）。