土木英语翻译，急！

来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/09/18 05:23:06
when a structure is loaded, its stressed elements deform. in a truss, bars in tension elongate and bars in compression shorten. beams bend and cables stretch. as these deformations occur, the structure changes shape and points on the structure displace. although these deflections are normally small, as part of the total design, the engineer must verify that these deflections are within the limits specified by the governing design code to ensure that the structure is serviceable. for example, large deflections of beams can lead to cracking of nonstructural elements such as plaster ceilings, tile walls, or brittle pipes. the lateral displacement of buildings produced by wind forces must be limited to prevent cracking of walls and windows. since the magnitude of deflections is also a measure of a member's stiffness, limiting deflections also ensure that excessive vibrations of building floors and bridge decks are not cteated by moving loads.
deflection computations are also a

当一个结构的情况下，其强调的内容变形。在桁架，酒吧在紧张伸长和酒吧，在压缩缩短。梁弯曲和电缆延伸。因为这些发生变形，结构形状和变化点的结构取代。尽管这些偏差通常是小的一部分，总设计的工程师必须确认这些偏差范围内的指定管辖设计规范，以确保结构是可用的。例如，大挠度梁可导致开裂的非结构要素，如石膏天花板，瓷砖墙壁，或脆管。在侧向位移的建筑物产生的风势力必须加以限制，以防止开裂的墙壁和窗户。因为规模挠度也是衡量一个成员的刚度，挠度限制也确保过度振动建设的地板和桥面没有cteated的移动荷载。
挠度计算也是不可分割的一部分了一些分析程序，不定结构分析，屈曲载荷计算，并确定时期的自然振动成员。
在这一章我们考虑几种方法的计算和斜坡变形点沿轴的梁和框架。这些方法是基于微分方程的弹性曲线梁。此方程与曲率在一个点沿梁纵轴的弯矩在这一点和性能的横截面和材料。