急 谁帮我翻译一下 在线等

来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/07/02 15:52:22
货币政策的一般工具为公开市场业务、再贴现政策和存款准备金政策，选择性政策工具和其它政策工具，如直接信用控制和间接信用控制、消费者信用控制、证券信用控制、不动产信用控制、优惠利率等货币政策工具
1公开市场业务是指中央银行在金融市场上公开买卖政府证券以控制货币供给和利率的政策行为。操作灵活；不易引起社会公众的注意；对货币供给的影响可以比较准确的预测
2调整贴现率是指中央银行调高或降低对商业银行发放贷款的利息率，以限制或鼓励银行借款，从而影响银行系统的存款准备金和利率，进而决定货币存量和利率，以达到宏观调控地目标。通常与公开市场业务配合使用
3变动法定准备率，存款准备率是商业银行吸收的存款中用做准备金的比率，准备金包括库存现金和在中央银行的存款。中央银行可以通过变更法定准备率来影响货币供给量和利息率。简单但不轻易使用

译文：

The general purpose tool of the monetary policy is business, rediscount policy and deposit capital reserve policy in the open market, alternative policy tool and other policies tool, if direct credit controls monetary policy tools such as credit controlling, securities credit controlling, credit controlling, preferential interest rate of real estate,etc. with indirect credit controlling, consumers。
1.Open market business mean Central Bank disclose, buy and sell government's securities by controlling currency supplying with and policy behavior of the interest rate at financial market. It is flexible to operate; It is difficult to bring the public's attention; The influence that supplies to the currency with can compare accurate prediction
2.Adjust discount rate refer to Central Bank heighten or reduce, release the interest rate of the loan to the commercial bank, in order to limit or encourage the borrowed money of bank, thus influence the deposit cap