UC知道力学英语翻译
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/07/04 11:18:04
1. The relationship between stress and strain in a particular material is determined by means of a tensile test .A specimen of the material, usually in the form of a round bar, is placed in a testing machine and subjected to tension. The force on the bar and the elongation of the bar are measured as the load is increased. The stress in the bar is found by dividing the force by the cross-sectional area, and the strain is found by dividing the elongation by the length along which the elongation occurs. In this manner a complete stress-strain diagram can be obtained for the material.
2. The typical shape of the stress-strain diagram for structural steel is shown in Fig.1, where the axial strains are plotted on the horizontal axis and the corresponding stresses are given by the ordinates to the curve OABCDE . From O to A the stress and strain are directly proportional to one another and the diagram is linear. Beyond point A the linear relationship between stress and strain no longer e
2. The typical shape of the stress-strain diagram for structural steel is shown in Fig.1, where the axial strains are plotted on the horizontal axis and the corresponding stresses are given by the ordinates to the curve OABCDE . From O to A the stress and strain are directly proportional to one another and the diagram is linear. Beyond point A the linear relationship between stress and strain no longer e
1. 一个材料的应力和应变之间的关系是通过拉伸测试法决定的。材料样品，通常是一根圆棒被放在一个测试设备里然后拉伸。随着负荷的增加，针对棒材的受力与延伸度进行测量。测量应力是以受力除于截面积，而应变是以延伸度除于受延伸的长度。通过这种方式，就能获取该材料的完整应力-应变关系图。
2. 图1 显示的是结构钢材的应力-应变关系图的典型形状；轴向应变是沿着水平轴线绘制，而相应的应力是以坐标至曲线0ABCDE体现。从0到A，应力和应变成正比，图形显示是直线。超出A点后， 应力和应变相互之间的直线关系已不复存在， 所以，在A点的应力被称作比例极限。
1、某种材料的拉力和张力的关系是通过拉伸测试的方法确定的。将材料的样品（通常是圆棒）放置在测试仪器上被拉紧。随着受力负荷的增大，对圆棒受力和延展程度进行测量。将受力除以圆棒截面面积就得到拉力，将延展度除以发生延展的长度就得到张力。利用这种方法可以得到一条完整的该种材料拉力张力曲线。
2、图1所示为结构钢材的拉力张力曲线的一般形状，其中，横轴表示轴向张力的大小，对应的拉力由OABCDE的坐标给出。从O点到A点，拉力和张力是完全成正比例的，曲线为线性的。A点以后，拉力张力之间不再具有线性关系，所以A点处的拉力称为比例极限。