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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/07/06 20:05:43
Introduction
Problems associated with the development and spread of antibiotic resistance
have been increasing since the early 1960’s and, in the clinic, is currently viewed
as a major threat to practice [43, 50]. As many as one third of nosocomial infections
are believed to be preventable [58]. Common nosocomial pathogens that express
resistance towards multiple antibiotics are being increasingly detected both in the
clinic and in general practice. Such resistance has been almost universally
associated with the overuse and abuse of therapeutic agents, and with the
acquisition and fusion of genetic elements encoded within plasmids. It is generally
accepted that the main cause of this problem has been, and still is widespread
inappropriate use and over-prescribing of antibiotics in clinical medicine, animal
husbandry and veterinary practice [1, 4, 26, 28, 49, 52]. Concerns about bacterial
resistance have led to calls for increa
Problems associated with the development and spread of antibiotic resistance
have been increasing since the early 1960’s and, in the clinic, is currently viewed
as a major threat to practice [43, 50]. As many as one third of nosocomial infections
are believed to be preventable [58]. Common nosocomial pathogens that express
resistance towards multiple antibiotics are being increasingly detected both in the
clinic and in general practice. Such resistance has been almost universally
associated with the overuse and abuse of therapeutic agents, and with the
acquisition and fusion of genetic elements encoded within plasmids. It is generally
accepted that the main cause of this problem has been, and still is widespread
inappropriate use and over-prescribing of antibiotics in clinical medicine, animal
husbandry and veterinary practice [1, 4, 26, 28, 49, 52]. Concerns about bacterial
resistance have led to calls for increa
介绍
Problems联合抗药性抵抗发展和传播 增加的have，因为早1960’s和，在诊所，当前是被观看的
as对实践[43， 50的]一个主要威胁。 多达医院的传染的三分之一are相信是可防止的[58]。 表达的共同的医院的病原生物 越来越查出往多抗生素的resistance两个在
clinic和在通例。 这样抵抗是几乎普遍地
associated与治疗代理过度使用和恶习和与 在质粒之内被输入的基因元素的acquisition和融合。 它通常是
accepted这个问题的主要起因是，和仍然普遍
inappropriate用途和在规定在临床医学，动物的抗生素husbandry和兽医实践[1， 4， 26， 28， 49， 52]。 对细菌的关心resistance导致了呼叫请求增加的教育，公众和
professionals，在对抗生素的正确用途。 另外，更加严密
infection管理措施主张为了减少
transmission传染[2， 3， 5-9， 19， 26， 60]。 这些措施认可防腐法做了，在上一个世纪，往的tremendous贡献公共卫生our当前先进的状态。 的确，如果对的数字的减少要求抗药性治疗的infections可以通过有效达到
hygiene，包括使用防腐产品，这然后将延迟在的增量抗药性抵抗的the发生。