UC知道50分求高手翻译英文文献
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/07/02 16:02:02
本人英语水平有限，求哪位高手能让帮我把下面的文章翻译成中文，不胜感谢
Migration and rural development: early perceptions
The purpose of this background paper is to summarize the key routes through which internal and international migration impact rural development and some of the evidence pertaining to these effects in low income countries.
In the early, dualistic literature on economic development, migration of labor out of the rural sector and into industrial production was uniformly viewed as the key to modernization and income growth.In the process a Kuznets’s curve is quite mechanically drawn. Inequality initially rises between those fortunate enough to relocate in town versus those left in poverty in the rural areas. As urbanization proceeds, average incomes rise and the dispersion of income later narrows because fewer are left in agrarian destitution. Although difficult to rationalize within a utility maximizing framework, these early frameworks presumed the existence of a surplus pool of labor i
Migration and rural development: early perceptions
The purpose of this background paper is to summarize the key routes through which internal and international migration impact rural development and some of the evidence pertaining to these effects in low income countries.
In the early, dualistic literature on economic development, migration of labor out of the rural sector and into industrial production was uniformly viewed as the key to modernization and income growth.In the process a Kuznets’s curve is quite mechanically drawn. Inequality initially rises between those fortunate enough to relocate in town versus those left in poverty in the rural areas. As urbanization proceeds, average incomes rise and the dispersion of income later narrows because fewer are left in agrarian destitution. Although difficult to rationalize within a utility maximizing framework, these early frameworks presumed the existence of a surplus pool of labor i
移民和农村发展：早期的看法
本背景文件是总结的主要途径是国内和国际移徙影响农村发展和一些证据就这些影响在低收入国家。
在早期，二元文学于经济发展，移民劳动力的农村部门和工业生产将一律被视为是重要的现代化和收入growth.In的进程库兹涅茨曲线是相当机械得出。最初不平等上升之间的幸运地迁往城市与那些留在贫困的农村地区。随着城市化的收益，平均收入的增长和分散的收入后缩小，因为少留在农村的贫困。虽然很难理顺效用最大化内框架，这些早期的框架假定存在一个剩余劳动力集中在村庄和消除劳动力向城镇因此离开农业生产unaffected.2也没有任何反馈回路真正认识到通过农村城市的迁移可能改变农村居民收入是间接的。
在这些二元模式，决定是否迁移或不被模仿的自由裁量权的个人，潜在的移民。此外，移民被当作永久的举动;生命的变化，离散选择，通常采取的早期生活中，以便获得好处在一个较长的时间horizon.3开创性贡献哈里斯和托达罗（ 1970年）增加不确定性，在形式的赌博找到一个正规部门就业的城镇，但变幻莫测的生活在农村部门仍然被忽视。此外，国际移徙的作用，而不是从农村向城市，国内移民前往之间基本上没有注意发展经济学家，除了关注对人才外流这是典型的假设是一个令人关切的主要的发展城市部门。
这些早期的理论中发挥了重要作用的时间。然而，奥卡姆的剃刀剃可能有太多的现实，使我们错过了许多关键的路线，通过移民和农村发展是相互关联的。最近的捐款已经开始解决这些缺陷。