用英文介绍一下 厄尔尼诺现象

El Ni·ño
A warming of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America that occurs every 4 to 12 years when upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich water does not occur. It causes die-offs of plankton and fish and affects Pacific jet stream winds, altering storm tracks and creating unusual weather patterns in various parts of the world.

你要是不烦多就看这个
El Niño
In general, an invasion of warm water into the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru and Ecuador, with a return period of 4–7 years. El Niño events come in various strengths: weak, moderate, strong, very strong, and extraordinary. The size of an El Niño event can be determined using various criteria: the amount of warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific from their average condition; the areal extent of that warm water anomaly; and the length of time that the warm water lingers before being replaced by colder-than-ave