BY的用法

1）表示以一般的方法或方式。如：

No one in those days could live by writing poems.

（2）表示传达、传递的方式或煤介。如：

How did you send the letter, by airmail or by ordinary mail?

（3）表示用交通工具、通讯工具后接名词单数，不加冠词。如：

He came by train, but his wife came by bus.

注意下面两句的区别：

Did you come by train?

Did you come in his car / on my bike?

“by +抽象名词”构成的词组有：by accident / by chance / by diligence / by effort / by force / by heart / by luck / by mistake / by hard work.

我可没查字典，BY的用法比较多，我列的是常见的

by
KK: []
DJ: []
prep.
1. 被,由
The homework was assigned by the teacher.
这些家庭作业是老师布置的。
2. 靠,用,通过
They crossed the river by ferry.
他们乘渡船过了河。
3. 经由;沿
Ellen flew to Chicago by way of Minneapolis.
艾伦经由明尼阿波利斯飞往芝加哥。
4. 在...旁边,靠近;在...手边
I haven't got any money by me.
我身边没有带钱。
5. 不迟于;在...之前
We had to get there by evening.
我们必须在夜晚前抵达那里。