再一篇帮忙翻译

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/28 21:02:18
Methods of Obtaining Blood Specimens

Some hematologic procedures require only a small amount of blood, which can be obtained from skin puncture.
Specimens for tests requiring larger amounts of blood and those requiring the use of anticoagulants are obtained by venipuncture.
All materials that touch the patient in the process of obtaining a blood specimen must be sterile. This means sterile needles, cotton, gauze, swabs, and syringes. The skin must be thoroughly cleansed with some antiseptic, e.g.70% alcohol. After the skin area has been cleansed, the operator must not touch the area again.
Capillary blood
The tip of the third or fourth finger is cleansed with 70% alcohol, which is then allowed to dry or is wiped with sterile gauze. The lateral aspect of the fingertip is then quickly punctured with a sterile disposable sharp lancet. After the puncture the lancet is discarded. The fingertip rather than the earlobe is the site of choice. The

方法获取血液样本

一些血液系统程序,只需要少量的血,这可从皮肤穿刺。
标本进行化验,需要大量的血液和那些需要使用抗凝剂得到了静脉穿刺。
所有材料,触摸病人在这一过程中获取血液标本必须育。这意味着无菌针头,棉花,纱布,拭子,和注射器。皮肤一定要彻底清洁与一些防腐剂, eg70 %酒精。后皮肤面积已被清洗,经营者不得触摸区。
毛细血
尖端的第三或第四手指清洗与70 %酒精,然后让干或擦用无菌纱布。横向方面的指尖,然后迅速击穿与不育支配夏普柳叶刀。后穿刺柳叶刀是被丢弃的。指尖而非earlobe是网站的选择。第一滴血出现后,穿刺是擦拭无菌纱布,并以下droops获准渗出无操纵或按摩的手指。
好处是用毛细管血液是轻而易举,它可以得到的。不利之处在于,在事实,即只有少量的血是索取,并重申决心不能演出,没有刺穿皮肤。
血膜,必须始终注意从毛细管或从血液中采取抗凝血。
静脉血
较大数量的血液和抗凝需要静脉穿刺。血液中,通常取自antecubital放置(虽然其他矿脉可能选择) ,这是拥挤的方式止血带放置于上臂,并收紧了压力,这仅是足够,以防止静脉回流。最理想的止血带应松脱,由于针头已进入静脉。血液是吸气与消毒针头和注射器,并迅速转移到一个试管中含有一种抗凝血剂,如果凝血,是完全可以避免的。搅拌要轻柔,但完整的,是实现由逆变管几倍。完成后,穿刺,压力的手段无菌纱布是应用在穿刺部位为几分钟。手臂可能升高,如果有任何困难,在停止渗血,从穿刺部位。一个小敷料可以适用。服务员应保持与病人直到穿刺部位已经停止流血。
优势的静脉血液标本:多和重复检查,可对1 。有没有变化,在血液中的价值观,如果标本是从不同的矿脉。
不利之处静脉标本:瘀滞此剧由止血带,如果延长,会导致血液酸碱度的变化,也使得标本不宜作一些凝血试验,以及为血液pH值测定。

objective:to obtain rickettsia tsutsugamushi ( r.t. ) antibody level in patients and healthy population of epidemic area and non-epidemic area, and to get